Manajemen Sampah, Limbah, Dan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Sebagai Strategi Pembangunan Kota Berkelanjutan (Studi Evaluatif Pada Kota Medan)
Keywords:
KLHS, Kota Berkelanjutan, Sampah, Limbah, Ruang Terbuka HijauAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pengelolaan sampah, limbah, dan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) di Kota Medan dalam mendukung implementasi pembangunan kota berkelanjutan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah evaluatif-deskriptif, dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS) RPJMD Kota Medan 2025–2029 serta simulasi data lapangan berupa survei masyarakat dan estimasi capaian program lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pengelolaan sampah mencapai 74,6%, pengelolaan limbah 60%, dan ketersediaan RTH hanya 7,5% dari total luas kota. Secara umum, efektivitas pengelolaan lingkungan perkotaan masih tergolong cukup hingga kurang efektif, dengan capaian rata-rata 53,2% dari target RPJMD. Permasalahan utama meliputi keterbatasan sarana-prasarana, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah 3R, serta konversi lahan yang menyebabkan defisit RTH. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan lingkungan Kota Medan telah terintegrasi dalam dokumen perencanaan, namun belum sepenuhnya berbasis data dan indikator kuantitatif yang terukur. Diperlukan penguatan tata kelola lingkungan, penerapan ekonomi sirkular, pengembangan RTH berbasis tata ruang hijau, serta kolaborasi multi-pihak untuk mewujudkan kota yang bersih, hijau, dan berkelanjutan.
References
Afandi, M. N., Anomsari, E. T., & Novira, A. (2021). Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Perspective in Regional Development Planning and Implementation. In 2nd International Conference on Administration Science 2020 (ICAS 2020) (pp. 43-47). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991 /ASSEHR.K.210629.009
Al Fatah, S., Aththorick, T. A., Rahmawaty, R., & Hamzah, M. K. (2024). Management Strategy for Public Green Open Spaces in Medan City Using SWOT Analysis. Journal of Environmental and Development Studies, 5(02), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.32734 /jeds.v5i02.18179
Amin, N. I. (2025). Regional Policy and the Sustainable Development Agenda: A Literature Review of Implementation Practices in Eastern Indonesia. Journal of Scientific Insights, 2(4), 391-399. https://doi.org/ 10.69930/jsi.v2i4.506
Ansari 2024. Analisis perencanaan pembangunan program ruang terbuka hijau (rth) di kota medan. (2022). Jurnal Administrasi Publik Dan Kebijakan. https://doi.org/10.30596/japk.v2i1.10633.
Arnowo, H. (2023). Strategi Penyediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Ditinjau dari Aspek Pertanahan. Jurnal Pertanahan, 13(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.53686/jp.v13i1.191.
Astari, S., & Nasution, A. J. (2024). Exploring the Slum Formation in Medan: A Literature Review in Urban Planning and Society. Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Education, 1(2), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.32734/qqkvxw08.
Aulia Pratama, I., Izharsyah, J. R., & Putri, H. M. (2022). Analisis Perencanaan Pembangunan Program Ruang Terbuka Hijau (Rth) Di Kota Medan. Jurnal Administrasi Publik dan Kebijakan (JAPK), 2(1), 45-56.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kota Medan. (2024). Medan dalam Angka 2024. BPS Kota Medan. https://medankota.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/02/28/1d05cd4a4df521885f54c685/kota-medan-dalam-angka-2025.html
Bayraktar, E. (2025). Harnessing Local Governance for Sustainable Urban Development. Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies Book Series, 213–228. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8814-3.ch007.
Ermayendri, D., Simarmata, M., Wahyudi, A., Reflis, R., Riwandi, R., & Sukiyono, K. (2025). Dynamic Integrated Model for Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Bengkulu City. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 23(6), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/23/20250048.
Estutama, P., & Kurniawan, M. A. (2021). Public works and housing infrastructure planning using environmental carrying capacity consideration: Case study on planning DAM development in Kalimantan Island, Indonesia. The Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning, 2(3), 257-271. https://doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v2i3.97.
Imron, I., Nugroho, T., & Harianto, R. E. (2024). Urgensi Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS) Tata Ruang Kegiatan Penyimpanan Permanen Mineral Ikutan Radioaktif. Jurnal Pengawasan Tenaga Nuklir, 4(2), 47–51. https://doi.org/10.53862/jupeten.v4i2.007.
Isola, F., Leccis, F., & Leone, F. (2023). The Integration of Sustainable Development Principles Within Spatial Planning Practices. In International Conference on Innovation in Urban and Regional Planning (pp. 129-138). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10. 1007/978-3-031-54096-7_12.
Jaya, A. H. I., Syamsari, S., Dullah, A. A. M., Lestari, I., & Andriani, I. (2023). Strategi Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kabupaten Takalar. Journal of Agricultural and Rural Economy, 1(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11594 /agre.2023.v1i1.17-23.
Kanade, T. M., Joseph, J., Ansari, S., Varghese, A. M., & Savale, T. (2024). Solid Waste Management for Environmental Sustainability and Human Health. Journal of Informatics Education and Research. https://doi.org/10.52783/jier.v4i1.599.
Kothai, G., Rajan, G. P., Sundhar, G. S., & Sourav, S. (2024). Transforming Urban Waste Management. Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development Book Series, 287–314. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6740-7.ch012.
Maghfuri, A., & Nugroho, D. W. (2024). Strategi akselerasi refused derrived fuel kabupaten cilacap sebagai penggerak ekonomi sirkular di indonesia. Jurnal Inovasi Daerah, 3(1), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.56655/jid.v3i1.147.
Marpaung, F., Arnita, A., Dewi, S., Sinaga, M. S., & Widyastuti, E. (2025). Optimization Of Medan City Waste Transportation System Using Multiple-Trip Vehicle Routing Problem (Mtvrp) Model And Simulated Annealing. Barekeng: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan, 19(4), 3059-3072.19(4), 3059–3072. https://doi.org/10.30598/barekeng vol19iss4pp3059-3072.
Medeu, A., Askarova, M., Zhakupova, A., Bauyrzhan, U., & Klug, H. (2025). Sustainable Regional Development: A Challenge Between Socio-Economic Development and Sustainable Environmental Management. Sustainability, 17(13), 6020. https://doi.org/10.20944/ preprints202505.0813.v1
Nihayah, D. M., Mafruhah, I., & Hakim, L. (2023). Application of klassen typology in the pattern of environmental carrying capacity and its role in regional economic development. IOP Conference Series, 1180(1), 012052. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1180/1/012052.
Pemerintah Kota Medan. (2025). Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) Kota Medan 2025–2029. Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, provinsi Sumatera Utara, 429 hal.
Puspita, R., Gani, A., & Shobaruddin, M. (2025). Integration of Sustainability Indicators in Regional Road Policy: East Kolaka, Indonesia. Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara, 17(1), 176–195. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpan.v17i1.46101.
Siregar, T. A., Purwoko, A., & Lubis, S. N. (2024). Potential of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) in Medan City’s Waste Management Strategy. South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics, 21(12), 274–284. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i12936.
Tambunan, A. A., & Soni, A. (2023). Availability of green open space in medan city. Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education. https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v4i4.1836.
Utami, R., Khair, H., & Rachman, I. (2024). Waste-to-Energy Potential in Medan City, Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Urban Development. International Journal of Scientific Advances, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.51542/ijscia.v5i6.41.
Walukouw, A. F. (2022). Strategi pengelolaan sampah sebagai upaya pembangunan berkelanjutan di kampung kabiding distrik oksibil kabupaten pegunungan bintang. 12(2), 72–82. https://doi.org/10.58839/jmap.v12i2.1098.
Yulistyarini, T., Hidayat, A., & Sari, R. (2022). Community-based Waste Management and Sustainable Urban Development in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 20(3), 233–244.
Zielinska-Dabkowska, K. M. (2022). Healthier and environmentally responsible sustainable cities and communities. A new design framework and planning approach for urban illumination. Sustainability, 14(21), 14525.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Melvi Marlabayana, Salamah, Ali Hanafiah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
